Which Types of Vegetables are Fermentable?
Mostly all water-dense vegetables can be fermented if you use the right salt concentration and the foods are fermented for the right amount of time.
First, if you are a beginner to fermentation, the easiest place to start is sauerkraut and cabbage-based fermentation recipes. Check out these fun and flavorful sauerkraut recipes:
How to Make Old Fashioned Sauerkraut with Caraway Seeds
Enjoy this delicious Bavarian-style sauerkraut recipe made with caraway seeds. In this step-by-step recipe, you will learn to make old fashioned sauerkraut with caraway seeds in a mason jar.
Homemade Kimchi Inspired Spicy Sauerkraut Recipe
What does kimchi taste like? It’s spicy, umami, sour and absolutely delicious! Learn how to make kimchi sauerkraut, a spicy sauerkraut recipe with delicious kimchi flavor.
Turmeric Napa Cabbage Sauerkraut
If you ever wondered if you can make sauerkraut with napa cabbage, the answer is yes! This delicious turmeric sauerkraut recipe is a simple napa cabbage sauerkraut, perfect for preserving in-season fall and winter cabbage.
Roasted Garlic Sauerkraut with Black Pepper
This recipe is a traditional, wild fermented sauerkraut with roasted garlic and black pepper incorporated. If you love garlic, crisp sauerkraut, and a light pepper flavor then this Roasted Garlic Sauerkraut with black pepper recipe is for you!
Fermented Beet and Red Cabbage Sauerkraut
This fermented beet and red cabbage sauerkraut recipe is the best way to make fermented beets and cabbage. Beet sauerkraut is ready to eat in three weeks.
Other Fermentable Vegetables
Once you get the hang of fermentation with some easy sauerkraut recipes, you can ferment many other vegetables at home! I always tell beginners to start with cabbage ferments and work with interesting sauerkrauts. Then, graduate to the vegetables that are also fruits (any vegetable that grows from a blossom), like cucumbers and peppers. Here are some easy recipes to try:
Fermented Cucumbers: Fermenting Sliced Cucumbers Two Ways
This fermented cucumbers recipe makes it easy to ferment pickles that stay crunchy and crisp. Learn the best techniques for fermenting sliced cucumbers.
Fermented Celery with Shallots and Black Pepper
Sour, briny, and full of flavor. You’re going to love this fermented celery with shallots. Fermenting celery only takes a few ingredients and a couple weeks.
Pepper Fermentation Recipe: Learn How to Ferment Any Type of Pepper
How do you make fermented peppers? What is the best salt ratio for fermenting peppers? how long to ferment peppers? With our Easy Pepper Fermentation Recipe you’ll have the best fermented peppers in just 5 weeks! Learn how to ferment peppers at home.
The Best Fermented Green Beans with Ginger and Scallions
Fermenting green beans is easy! With just salt, water, fresh green beans, and spices, you can make these probiotic-packed fermented green beans.
Once you are an experienced fermenter, you can develop your recipes and experiment with fermenting other vegetables, but there are some guidelines you should follow for food safety. Check out these two blogs to learn about food safety in fermentation and how to calculate ideal salt concentrations for various vegetables:
- The Complete Guide to Salt Fermentation
- The Perfect Lacto Fermentation Salt Ratio for Fermenting Vegetables
Why You Should Ferment Vegetables
Fermented Foods are extremely nutritious, and fermentation is a delicious preservation method. Fermented vegetables contain probiotics, essential vitamins, nutrients, minerals, and prebiotic fiber. All of these things benefit overall health and wellness.
Fermentation has existed for thousands of years, but people didn’t fully understand it long ago. Fermentation is not magic; it’s a science with wondrous and fascinating explanations. Many foods worldwide are fermented or rely on fermentation products for flavor, preservation, or texture.
First and foremost, though, vegetable fermentation has always preserved harvests for long winters.
What Is Vegetable Fermentation?
When discussing fermenting vegetables, we refer to a microbial process called lactic acid fermentation. This fermentation occurs when certain bacteria ferment plant compounds for energy and produce lactic acid as a byproduct. All it takes is the addition of a precise salt concentration to vegetables, and you can turn plain old produce into flavor-rich superfoods.
It’s important to remember that you are not fermenting anything. Microorganisms are fermenting. You have to set the right microbes up for success.
Supplies You’ll Need to Make Fermented Vegetables
For the best sauerkraut flavor and texture, you should use weight measurements for your fermentation ingredients. That means you need a kitchen scale. Weighing your ingredients gives you consistent and superior fermentation results. This is the scale we use in our home kitchen.
Here is the equipment you will need to make fermented vegetables:
- 32-ounce Wide Mouth Mason Jar
- Fermentation Weight
- Standard Metal Mason Jar Lid (this can rust in the presence of salt)
- OR Rust-Free Plastic Lid
- or you can use a Weck Jar (without the gasket; only use the clips to secure the lid)
- Sea Salt
- Scale
- Mixing Bowl
If you would like to read more about the best jars and lids for fermenting vegetables, click here.
Hello! Thank you so much for this–it is reassuring to have more information on the science behind the fermentation process, which has always made me nervous! I am running into an issue, however: when assembling the ingredients for my jar of kimchi or kraut, it’s hard for me to know exactly how much water to use. I recently mixed up a batch of salt/water brine for my vegetables by estimating how much water I’d need, but it ended up being too much for the veggies + the jar. I had to up ultimately dump some out, which changed the ratio again. I actually had to dump some more out after the vegetables fermented for a couple of days, changing the ratio yet again. Any tips on how to approach adding the salt and water to the vegetables?